Vietnam have a special administrative-economic zone?
Over the past 20 years of establishment and development, the model of industrial parks and economic zones is now limited compared with the development needs of Vietnam, so it is necessary to have a new model with outstanding advantages. To attract capital. The Special Administrative-Economic Unit Act is being studied by the authorities to meet this requirement.
According to the Ministry of Planning and Investment, the country is applying the model of the zone, such as: industrial zone; manufacturing area; High-tech Zone; economic sector; Information technology parks and hi-tech agricultural zones in order to attract investment capital.
To date, these areas have made great contributions to economic development through the renovation of the investment and business environment; Attract large amounts of investment in technical infrastructure and production - business; To promote the development of industrial production, to form a number of key industries.
Data show that by the end of June 2017, 325 industrial zones were established with a total natural land area of 94.9 thousand hectares, of which the industrial land area can be 64 Thousand hectares, accounting for 67% of total natural land area of industrial zones.
Of these, 220 industrial zones have been put into operation with a total natural land area of 60.9 thousand hectares and 105 industrial parks are in the compensation phase for site clearance and capital construction. 34 thousand ha. The occupancy rate of industrial parks was 51.5%. Particularly, the industrial parks have been put into operation. The occupancy rate is 73%.
Regarding economic zones, the number of coastal economic zones established nationwide is 16 economic zones, with a total area of land and water surface of approximately 815 thousand hectares. In addition, there are two economic zones (Thai Binh coastal economic area, Thai Binh province and Ninh Co economic zone, Nam Dinh province) in the planning but not yet established.
Of the 16 coastal economic zones, there are 36 industrial parks, non-tariff areas with a total natural land area of 16.1 thousand ha, of which industrial land can be leased at 7.8 thousand. Ha, accounting for about 48% of the total natural area of the sites.
Industrial parks and economic zones attracted 473 newly registered foreign investment projects and increased capital with total registered capital of nearly $ 7.3 billion. 385 domestic investment projects and increased capital for more than 139 projects with total new and additional investment capital is 114,000 billion.
The Ministry of Planning and Investment said that models of industrial parks and economic zones of Vietnam aim to develop different branches and domains but the competitive advantages of the models are built on principles. Promoting the advantages of scale and forming concentrated production areas with the production units inside are closely linked to create products and services with low cost and competitive. High on the market.
However, the attraction of investment capital through the model of industrial parks and economic zones to this time has revealed many constraints, difficult to attract investment capital of quality. According to the Ministry of Planning and Investment, local government authorities have not yet promoted their role as the focal point for the implementation of "one-stop-shop" administrative reform. Investment incentives for the economic zones have been considered but not really attractive; The mobilization of capital sources to develop technical infrastructure for economic zones is difficult; The economic linkages in the development of models of industrial parks and economic zones are unclear and effective.
"In order to further promote the role of industrial parks and economic zones in socio-economic development and ensure that industrial zones and economic zones work well, The new economy with advantages, more attractive to investors, overcome the shortcomings and limitations of the current model is necessary, "the Ministry of Planning and Investment affirmed.
International experience and synthesis of models of special administrative zones, special economic zones, FEZs and other similar models have been developed and developed in 13 countries and territories. Gender, Drafting Committee of the Law Administrative-economic unit said that the model of attracting new investment can be classified according to three levels associated with different institutions and policies.