A couple of topics I enjoy reading about are data science and cryptocurrencies. In both of these spaces, I have encountered application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Bitcoin miners are using Bitmain's Antminer to significantly increase their electricity consumption per hash. In data science, ASICs developed by Google, Nvidia and others are allowing for much faster and more efficient matrix computations in the training and deployment of neural networks.
So while the efficiency gains that are the subject of Moore's Law have ended, chip manufacturers are still making significant gains by architecting chips specifically for a given set of problems. What other uses of ASICs are having a large impacts on industries and markets? What are some investment strategies that one who believes we will see more and more ASICs may follow?